One of the hot spots of blockchain technology in 2021 is cross-chain. Here is a simple understanding of cross-chain: one blockchain is one independent ledger, two different chains are not related, and there is no way to transfer values between the two ledgers. However, for a specific user, the value…

In order to make contract accounts have the ability to freeze TRX to obtain resources, community developers have proposed a discussion about introducing freeze/unfreeze instructions to TVM (Please refer to https://github.com/tronprotocol/tips/issues/157 ). With the joint efforts from the community developers, the discussion finally formed TIP-157 and was implemented in the…

Overview PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus algorithm allows a distributed system to reach a consensus even when a small amount of nodes demonstrate malicious behavior (such as falsifying information). During information transmission, PBFT uses cryptographic algorithms such as signature, signature verification, and hash to ensure that everything stays irrevocable, unforgeable…

The consensus is at the core of the distributed system. A good consensus algorithm greatly benefits the distributed system. In the blockchain sphere, you may have heard about many consensus algorithms, such as PoW, PoS, DPoS, BFT, and other improved algorithms based on them.TRON, like many other public blockchains, has…

Powered by zk-SNARKs, TRONZ achieved TRON-based TRC20 token shielded transaction, which is one of the few account model-based shield transaction solutions. Currently, this solution only supports TRC20 token, and base on TRONZ’s plan, it will support TRC10 token shielded transaction in the second half of 2020. This article is mainly…

I. Background A common use case in smart contract development and implementation is to transfer assets to the contracts. This functionality can be achieved in many ways, each leading to different initial targets. As TRON and Solidity version keep iterating, some of these methods may become outdated or even risky. Developers may…

Introduction In blockchain, Solidity is a widely-used language to write many smart contracts that we see today (such as TRON smart contracts). Much has thus been learned by developers and users. Developing DApps is somehow an experiment requiring a new way of thinking that differs from other languages. Code errors, often…

1. Background Blockchain nowadays can be sorted into three categories according to its access mechanism: public chain, consortium blockchain, and private chain. Oftentimes, blockchains are compared to ledgers, and their access mechanism can be understood as the transparency of the ledgers. Among these, public chain has the most transparency, meaning it’s more…

Foreword Blockchain is essentially a tamper-proof distributed ledger and an ideal solution to the problem of trust. In practice, blockchain is used for record-keeping and transactions. For example, crypto-assets like BTC, ETH, and TRX are adopted in economic activities in many applications to ensure transparency of assets. However, implementing such a…